MONITORING OF THE EPIZOOTIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF BRUCELLOSIS IN THE REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AND IN THE SUBJECTS OF KOSTANAY REGION

Abstract

Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by species belonging to the genus Brucella and leading to high economic consequences in animal husbandry. Brucella   spp. It can be transmitted to humans and leads to a serious illness requiring specific and long-term antibiotic treatment, which adversely affects human morbidity and health.  The zoonotic nature of the infection increases the need to monitor the spread and dynamics of outbreaks in animals and humans.  Since brucellosis is a zooanthroponous disease, it becomes relevant to study the spread of this disease among humans. A comparative analysis was carried out and a direct relationship was established between the number of people with brucellosis infection and the degree of infection of farm animals in the areas of Kostanay region. The presented data indicate the need for an integrated approach to solving the problem of brucellosis prevention as a socially significant disease.

An assessment of the incidence of brucellosis in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022-2024 was carried out in all regions and cities of national significance.  The distribution of patients with brucellosis in the republic by well-off and disadvantaged brucellosis settlements and farms is shown. It is noted that the greatest epidemiological disadvantage of brucellosis among the population and animals over the past three years has persisted in the southern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty, Zhambyl, Zhetysu, Kyzylorda, Turkestan regions and Shymkent).  Also, the risks of the incidence of brucellosis in the population associated with professional activity are described. The results of the analysis of statistical data on brucellosis of farm animals in Kostanay region, including the number of livestock examined and the number of sick animals, are presented.