ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF PROMISING SPRING RAPESEED LINES IN CHANGING CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE NORTHERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN.

Abstract

In the context of global climate change and increasing demands for the sustainability and productivity of agricultural crops, the study of the adaptive potential of promising genotypes of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) has become particularly relevant. The article presents the results of three years of research (2022–2024) aimed at evaluating the ability of rapeseed breeding lines to withstand various abiotic (drought, temperature extremes, moisture deficit) and biotic stresses (diseases, pests). A comprehensive analysis of morphophysiological and agronomic indicators, such as growth intensity, photosynthetic activity, biomass accumulation, yield, and seed quality, was conducted. It was found that lines 69-04, 56-06, 12-10 demonstrate high stability, plasticity, and productivity even under extreme conditions. These genotypes are characterized by enhanced drought resistance, disease tolerance, and the ability to maintain high yield levels. The research also highlighted the significant role of genetic variability in shaping the adaptive properties of plants. The obtained data are of great importance for developing new rapeseed varieties adapted to the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan and integrating them into sustainable farming systems. This not only contributes to improving regional food security but also opens new opportunities for the development of oilseed production in the face of a changing climate.