RESEARCH INTO THE IMPACT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ON THE BIOLOGICAL AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF SOIL

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52269/KGTD2531194

Keywords:

soil, petroleum products, hydrocarbon rocket fuel, biological activity, enzymatic activity, microorganisms, dehydrogenase activity

Abstract

Preserving and restoring soil fertility is one of the key tasks of agricultural science, especially under increasing anthropogenic pressure. In areas exposed to hydrocarbon pollution, including rocket fuel, disturbances occur in microbiological processes that determine the stability of agroecosystems. Assessment of soil biological and enzymatic activity makes it possible to determine the degree of its degradation and the prospects for agricultural use.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of T-1 and RG-1 kerosene on the microbial community and enzymatic activity of brown soils collected in the area of the Soyuz rocket stage fall. The objectives included determining catalase, protease, cellulase, and dehydrogenase activity of microorganisms in dynamics (1st and 90th days of the experiment), as well as establishing the dose-dependent effect of hydrocarbon pollution.

The methodology was based on classical microbiological and biochemical approaches, including in vitro tests for enzymatic activity and spectrophotometric determination of dehydrogenases.

The results showed that at fuel concentrations above 500 mg/kg there was a marked decrease in soil microorganisms and biological activity, indicating a critical level of toxicity for agroecosystems. By the 90th day, the suppression of enzymatic activity persisted, although part of the microbial community demonstrated resistance to contamination.

The practical significance of the study lies in the use of identified indicators for environmental standardization, monitoring of agricultural soils, and predicting the consequences of pollution for productivity. The contribution of the work is the clarification of threshold concentrations of hydrocarbons affecting soil biota, which is essential for agroecology and sustainable land use.

Author Biographies

  • Orazaliyeva Aray Nazarbaykyzy, Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications

    PhD student, Department of space engineering, Chief Researcher of the Almaty Branch of Infracos RSE

  • Yermoldina Elmira Tleubayevna, Almaty Branch of Infracos RSE

    PhD

  • Stepanova Yelena Yuryevna, Infracos RSE

    Deputy Head of the Environmental Department

  • Sailygara Aissulu Altynbekkyzy, Infracos RSE

    Master, Leading Researcher

Additional Files

Published

2025-10-02