ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF COW’S MILK IN RADIATION-CONTAMINATED AREAS

Abstract

This article examines the quality and radiation safety of cow's milk produced in the regions adjacent to the former Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS). The research purpose was to identify radionuclides (Cs-137, Cs-134, K-40, Ra-226, Th-232) contained in milk produced in farms in areas exposed to radiation contamination and to determine its safety level by evaluating the organoleptic, physico-chemical properties of milk. The research findings serve as the basis for the development of special veterinary and sanitary measures aimed at reducing the level of radiation contamination of dairy products. The content of radionuclides in milk samples from the Ayakuz, Urdzhar, Abai and Zhanasemey districts was determined at different levels. In some samples, the radiation contamination indicators were close to or above the maximum permissible level. In addition, organoleptic and physico-chemical analyses showed quality deviations in a number of milk samples. The results of the research indicate the need for systematic quality and safety control of milk produced in farms located near the STS. These data are important for the development of scientifically sound measures aimed at ensuring food safety in radiation-affected areas. The research findings are of great practical importance for maintaining the health and ensuring safe nutrition of the population living in heavily polluted areas.