MODERN METHODS OF WEED CONTROL AND THE ROLE OF COVER CROPS IN THEIR SUPPRESSION: TECHNICAL OVERVIEW OF SEEDERS FOR SOWING COVER CROPS

Abstract

In modern agricultural systems, the problem of reducing dependence on chemical plant protection products and searching for alternative methods of weed control has become particularly relevant. One of the most promising approaches is the use of cover crops in combination with minimal or zero tillage.

This article examines the role of cover crops as an effective element of integrated weed management systems. Special attention is given to the agronomic aspects of their application, including sowing dates, species selection, and their influence on the phytosanitary condition of crops. It is shown that cover crops contribute to weed suppression, improvement of soil structure, and conservation of soil moisture. A technical analysis of modern seeders designed for sowing cover crops is carried out, taking into account their design features and operational characteristics. The main types of seeders are considered, including disc, coulter, and combined designs. Innovative technical solutions aimed at increasing seeding accuracy and ensuring uniform seed distribution under various soil and climatic conditions are highlighted separately.

Factors influencing the choice of seeders—such as productivity, adaptability to agronomic requirements, and the possibility of integration into modern technological processes—are analyzed. Domestic and international experience in implementing cover crops within integrated farming systems is summarized. It is concluded that this approach has significant potential to enhance the sustainability of agroecosystems and to reduce the use of chemical plant protection products.