MILK AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT INTRA-BREED TYPES OF THE KAZAKH WHITE-HEADED CATTLE

Abstract

The article presents the results of a comparative evaluation of the milk and meat productivity of cows belonging to different intra-breed types of the Kazakh Whiteheaded cattle — Ankaty (big Ankaty), Shagatay (polled), and Zavolzhsky. The relevance of the research is stemmed from the need to increase the efficiency of beef farming through the rational use of genetic diversity and the identification of the most efficient genotypes. The research objective was to determine differences among intra-breed types in terms of milk yield, age-related live weight dynamics, and slaughter traits of young stock. The research materials included data on milk productivity depending on calf age and gender, as well as results of control slaughter of bulls. Milk productivity was assessed indirectly using calf weight during the suckling period. Beef performance indicators included pre-slaughter live weight, hot carcass weight, slaughter yield, visceral weight, and its proportion in the carcass. Results showed that the Ankaty type demonstrated the highest milk productivity, more intensive live-weight gain, and superior slaughter performance. The Shagatay type showed lower milk yield and reduced fat deposition, while the Zavolzhsky type occupied an intermediate position. The findings confirm that intra-breed differentiation is an important tool in breeding programs, enabling the formation of highly productive herds tailored to production goals. The results can be used in selection strategies and to improve the efficiency of beef cattle breeding.