JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE SAFETY DEVICE OF THE SLITTER

Abstract

Experience shows that soils in the Republic of Kazakhstan vary in their physical and mechanical properties. During drought seasons, soil strength in some areas can reach 10-12 MPa. Furthermore, in some regions of the republic, soils contain rock (stony soils). These characteristics significantly affect the reliability of the design of para ploughs. The design of the slitters utilizes shear bolts, spring-loaded load compensators, and hydraulic load compensators. These technical innovations ensure the safety of the working parts. Existing equivalents are expensive to purchase and require significant spare parts. Thus, the agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan requires an inexpensive and reliable soil slitter for the treatment of extra condensed and stony soils, which determines the relevance of the objective of this study—namely, the development of such a soil slitter. The article presents the substantiation of the parameters of the spring mechanism, the determination of the maximum allowable spring force (critical force), the activation force of the shear bolt, and its diameter. The research methodology in the analytical part is based on the application of fundamental principles of theoretical mechanics, strength of materials, and applied mathematics, while the experimental part relies on the use of strain-gauge measurement of a laboratory-field setup to determine draft resistance, as well as measurement methods regulated by normative documentation to assess agrotechnical indicators. Based on the results of the conducted studies, the parameters of the safety device of the slitter were theoretically substantiated, and the ability of the design to perform the technological process with the required quality was experimentally confirmed through laboratory-field testing in terms of agrotechnical performance and draft resistance.