ANNENKOV DETACHMENTS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF POPULATION MANAGEMENT DURING A PERIOD OF POLITICAL CONFLICT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the activities of Ataman Annenkov’s detachments in the context of the confrontations of the Civil War on the territory of Eastern Kazakhstan. The relevance of the research raises no doubts, since the activities of ataman detachments were for a long time examined only fragmentarily and often remained on the periphery of scholarly attention in the regional context. The methodological framework of the study is distinguished by its coherence and consistency: the combination of historical-genetic, comparative-historical, and systemic approaches makes it possible to consider Annenkov’s formations not only as a military force but also as a socio-political phenomenon. Based on an analysis of archival materials and historical studies, the article examines the organizational and repressive actions of these formations, their role within the structure of the White movement, as well as the nature of their interaction with the local population. Special attention is paid to the practices of requisitioning, forced labor obligations, and violent measures, including the unlawful execution of civilians. The study also assesses the activities of ataman detachments and their impact on the socio-economic situation of the region. The research reveals the repressive practices of Annenkov’s formations and the consequences of their presence for the civilian population, which makes it possible to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics of violence and survival strategies under the conditions of the Civil War within the given historical and regional context.