ON THE RESULTS OF CAMELUS DROMEDARIES ANDCAMELUS BACTRIANUS GENOTYPING BY ALPHA S1 AND KAPPA-CASEIN GENES

Abstract

Genotyping of Kazakh milk camel Camelus dromedarius (n = 18) and meat camel Camelus bactrianus (n = 18) by loci for alpha S₁ and kappa casein genes using PCR-RFLP technique has been conducted. Authors proposed new pair of PCR primers for amplification of fragment of CSN3 gene with subsequent digestion of reaction products by AluI endonuclease restriction enzyme to identify genetic variations in the gene. DNA polymorphism at kappa casein gene has been detected whereas.

A large discrepancy between the actual distribution of the genotype according to the kappa-casein locus with the theoretical distribution has been established for camels of dromedar and bactrian breeds. There is an excess of TT and CC homozygotes (16 versus 14.2 theoretically expected, 2 versus 0.2 theoretically expected, respectively) and a lack of TC heterozygotes (0 versus 3.6 theoretically expected). If the empirical and theoretical distribution of genotypes have the same value then the chi-square index is zero. As the difference between observed and expected numbers increases, the chi-square value increases.

At the second gene, alpha S₁, no polymorphism has been observed. Genotyping data performed on two Kazakh camel breeds by allele analysis at alpha S₁ and kappa casein gene loci and by DNA fingerprinting suggest that individuals of former camel breed were more genetically polymorphic that those of later one.