ASSESSMENT OF HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS FOR SPRING BARLEY CULTIVATION IN PRODUCTION CROPS OF THE NORTH KAZAKHSTAN EXPERIMENTAL STATION

Abstract

This scientific study presents the results of a long-term analysis of hydrothermal conditions affecting the yield of spring barley in production crops of the North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station LLP. The study uses long-term data characterizing the temperature regime, atmospheric precipitation, sums of active temperatures, and productive soil moisture reserves for the period 2001–2022 across crop varieties. It was established that barley productivity is significantly influenced by hydrothermal conditions during the growth and development phases of plants. Particular importance is attached to crop water availability, the temperature regime during the growing season, and moisture accumulation during the autumn–winter period. Among the varieties studied, the «Kedr» variety demonstrated the most stable productivity, whereas the «Tselinny 2005» variety was characterized by greater yield variability depending on the prevailing environmental conditions. The results obtained can be used to improve spring barley cultivation technologies, assess the ecological stability of varieties, and select varieties adapted to the conditions of the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. The available data also enabled to factor in the influence of weather conditions when planning agrotechnical measures and assessing the potential yield of the crop.