PEDAGOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING LEGAL CULTURE AND UNDERSTANDING MORAL DEVIATION THROUGH ABAI’S POETRY

Abstract

The article proposes a pedagogical model for developing students' legal culture and moral consciousness based on the ethical principles in the poetry of Abai Qunanbaiuly. The aim of the study is to scientifically substantiate mechanisms for cultivating respect for law, accountability, conscientiousness, moral reflection, and ethical reasoning in students through the integration of literary texts into the learning process. The study employed comparative literary analysis, terminological dictation, case-based and reflective assignments, as well as the effective use of STEAM and CLIL technologies that integrate legal and psychological aspects. The experiment was conducted among third-year students in the “Kazakh Language and Literature” program. Results demonstrated the development dynamics of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of legal culture: 32% of students reached a very high level, and 46% a high level. Concepts such as “Honor,” “Justice,” “Shame,” “Compassion,” and “Mercy” in Abai’s works were integrated with professional legal terminology and proved to be effective tools for fostering legal awareness and personal responsibility. The study highlights the practical potential of using Abai’s poetry in interdisciplinary, humanistic, and student-centered education, emphasizing the importance of strengthening the link between literature and legal education while shaping students’ professional competencies and value orientations.