METHODOLOGY OF ADAPTIVE BOCCIA-BASED PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION

Abstract

This study examines the impact of Boccia-based activities within inclusive physical education on the development of motor and social skills among students with musculoskeletal disorders. In contemporary inclusive education systems, increasing the level of physical activity and supporting the social adaptation of students with special educational needs are considered essential pedagogical objectives. In this context, the scientific justification for integrating adaptive sports into the educational process becomes particularly relevant. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an adaptive physical education program based on Boccia elements in improving motor performance and social interaction among students with musculoskeletal impairments. The pedagogical experiment involved 26 participants who were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group participated in a 12- week training program incorporating Boccia-based exercises. The research employed pedagogical observation, testing procedures, questionnaire surveys, and statistical data analysis. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in movement accuracy, coordination, and social interaction indicators among students in the experimental group, while the control group showed only minimal changes. The findings indicate that Boccia can serve as an effective pedagogical tool in inclusive physical education, contributing to the development of motor skills and supporting the social integration of students with musculoskeletal disorders.